654: Associate Director of Culture and Change at BCG, Philip Jameson, on Why Most Transformations Fail

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Philip Jameson discusses why most organizational transformations fail despite strong strategic intent, significant investment, and broad awareness that change is necessary. Drawing on his work at Boston Consulting Group and the research behind How Change Really Works, Jameson argues that the core problem is often not strategy itself, but a poor understanding of "how humans behave during periods of change." The conversation begins with Jameson's unusual path into consulting through classical music and leadership at the Sydney Symphony Orchestra. He reflects on the orchestra's temporary departure from the Sydney Opera House during its renovation and why the experience fundamentally shaped his thinking about institutional change. "It was an experience that I had had of really a change gone right," he explains, "and it made me passionate about giving the gift of great change to as many people in my life as I could." A major focus of the discussion is what Jameson calls "false alignment" — situations where leadership teams behave "as if you're more agreed than you really are." He argues that many transformations fail because executives believe they share a common vision until operational specifics expose deep disagreements. The episode also explores why leaders often avoid disagreement altogether. Citing behavioral research from Julia Minson, Jameson explains that people routinely overestimate how damaging disagreement will feel in practice. "It is much worse to imagine having a disagreement with someone than it is to actually have a disagreement with someone," he says. Another major theme is agency. Jameson draws on the "IKEA effect," the tendency for people to value outcomes they helped create themselves. In successful transformations, employees feel they have "their thumbprint on the design of the change." "Change really works," he argues, "when the people affected by that change… feel that they have contributed meaningfully to it in some way." The conversation also examines why organizations frequently underestima